rubella (German measles), rubeola (measles), roseola (exanthema subitum), and varicella (chickenpox).

Rubella, also known as German measles, has an incubation period of 14–21 days before the onset of prodromal symptoms such as fever and swollen lymph nodes. The first signs of rubella are usually visible two-three days later. This rash can continue for five days. The rash is usually characterized by reddish pink spots on the upper and face, but can spread to other parts of the body.

Rubeola, more commonly referred to as measles, has an incubation period of 10–12 days and its prodromal features include a high fever which often surpasses 40°C (104°F) accompanied by coughs, runny nose, conjunctivitis and small white spots inside the mouth. It is characterized by a reddish rash, which usually appears 3-4 days after any other symptoms.

Roseola’s incubation time is around 4–15 days with onset of mild fever followed by a characteristic raised rash which begins at the neckline then spreads downward over the trunk, arms and legs within one day. Lastly varicella (chickenpox) has an incubation period ranging from 10–21 days before seeing any clinical manifestations such as a red itchy rash that starts out looking like bumps eventually turning into blisters all over the body lasting approximately 7–10 days in total.